Evaluating the Safety and Immune Response to a Single Dose of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccine in RSV-Seronegative Infants and Children

Launched by NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES (NIAID) · Oct 18, 2013

Keywords

ClinConnect Summary

RSV is the most common viral cause of serious acute lower respiratory illness (LRI) in infants and children under 5 years of age around the world. RSV illness can range from mild upper respiratory tract illness (URI) to severe LRI, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. This study will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of an RSV vaccine in healthy RSV-naïve children.

At study entry, participants will undergo a medical history review, physical examination, blood collection, and a nasal wash. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive the RSV vaccine or placebo at a 2:1 ratio, to...

Gender

ALL

Eligibility criteria

• Inclusion Criteria:
• • Parents/guardians who demonstrate their understanding of the study (by taking a multiple choice questionnaire), sign the informed consent, and agree to vaccine administration following detailed explanation of the study
• • Seronegative for RSV antibody, defined as a serum RSV neutralizing antibody titer less than 1:40 as determined within 42 days prior to enrollment/immunization
• • Participant's history has been reviewed and participant has undergone a physical examination indicating that s/he is in good health
• • In the view of the site investigator, the participant has received routine immunizations appropriate for their age
• • Participant is expected to be available for the duration of the study
• • For children born to HIV-infected women: two negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests with one collected when greater than 1 month of age and one collected when greater than 4 months old, and no positive HIV PCR test; or two negative HIV antibody tests
• Exclusion Criteria:
• • Known or suspected impairment of immunological functions or HIV infection
• • Receipt of immunosuppressive therapy including systemic corticosteroids within 30 days of study entry. NOTE: Topical steroids, topical antibiotic, and topical antifungal medications are acceptable within 24 hours of enrollment. May be reassessed after symptoms have resolved.
• • Bone marrow/solid organ transplant recipients
• • Major congenital malformations, including congenital cleft palate, cytogenetic abnormalities, or serious chronic disorders
• • Previous immunization with an RSV vaccine or previous receipt of or planned administration of any anti-RSV antibody product
• • Previous serious vaccine-associated AE or anaphylactic reaction
• • Known hypersensitivity to any vaccine component
• • Lung or heart disease, including any wheezing event or reactive airway disease. Participants with clinically insignificant cardiac abnormalities requiring no treatment may be enrolled. Participants who had one episode of wheezing or received bronchodilator therapy for a single episode of illness in the first year of life but who have not had any additional wheezing episodes or bronchodilator therapy for at least 12 months may also be enrolled.
• • Member of a household that includes an infant less than 6 months of age
• • Member of a household that contains an immunocompromised individual (including, but not limited to: those with HIV-related immunodeficiency, defined as CD4 less than 300, or less than 15% if less than 5 years of age, measured within the previous 6 months; or any household members who have received chemotherapy within the last 12 months). Verbal report is sufficient documentation if the parent/guardian is confident of history.
• • Attends day care with infants less than 6 months of age, and whose parent/guardian is unable or unwilling to suspend daycare for 14 days following immunization. Children who attend facilities that separate children by age and minimize opportunities for transmission of virus through direct physical or aerosol contact are acceptable.
• • Fever (rectal temperature of greater than or equal to 100.4°F \[38°C\]), or upper respiratory illness (rhinorrhea, cough, or pharyngitis) or nasal congestion significant enough to interfere with successful vaccination, or otitis media
• • Participant has received any killed vaccine or live attenuated rotavirus vaccine within the last 2 weeks, any other live vaccine within the last 4 weeks, or gamma globulin (or other antibody products) within the past 3 months, or is scheduled to receive any immunization in the 28 days after enrollment
• • Receipt of another investigational vaccine or investigational drug within 28 days of receiving this investigational RSV vaccine
• • Participant has received antibiotics or systemic or nasal steroid therapy or other prescription medications for acute illness within 3 days of study entry. Permitted concomitant medications include nutritional supplements, medications for gastroesophageal reflux, eye drops, and topical medications, including (but not limited to) topical steroids, topical antibiotics, and topical antifungal agents.
• • Participant has received salicylate (aspirin) or salicylate-containing products within the past month
• • Infants born at less than 37 weeks gestation and less than 1 year of age