Evaluation of the Levels of Pain, Discomfort, and Functional Impairment With Two Techniques of Retraction

Launched by DAMASCUS UNIVERSITY · Dec 14, 2022

Keywords

ClinConnect Summary

Pain associated with orthodontic treatment is one of the undesirable complications, which negatively affects the patient's cooperation. Pain may occur due to the pressure on the periodontal ligaments induced by orthodontic forces. The perception of pain is affected by many factors related to the patient, such as age, gender, and any previous treatment experiences, which are negatively or positively reflected in the patient's cooperation. As for the factors related to the type of orthodontic treatment provided.

The levels of pain and discomfort vary with the different anchorage systems used...

Gender

ALL

Eligibility criteria

• Inclusion Criteria:
• • 1. Adult healthy patients, Male and female, Age range: 17-27 years.
• 2. Class II Division 1 malocclusion:
• • Mild / moderate skeletal Class II (sagittal discrepancy angle 4\< ANB\<10)
• • Overjet more than 5 mm.
• • Normal overbite (more than 0 mm and less than 4 mm)
• • Normal or increased anterior facial height (Clinically and then cephalometrically assessed using these three angles: mandibular/cranial base angle, maxillary/mandibular plane angle, and facial axis angle)
• • well-aligned maxillary teeth with minimal crowding (≤ 4 mm according to Little's index), 3- Complete permanent dentition (except for the third molars).
• 4- Existence of all the upper teeth (except third molars). 5- Good oral and periodontal health:
• • Probing depth \< 4 mm
• • No radiographic evidence of bone loss.
• • Gingival index ≤ 1
• • Plaque index ≤ 1
• Exclusion Criteria:
• • 1. Medical conditions that affect tooth movement (corticosteroid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), ...)
• • 2. Presence of primary teeth in the maxillary arch
• • 3. Any craniofacial syndromes.
• 4. Poor oral hygiene or Current periodontal disease:
• • 5. The patient had previous orthodontic treatment

Trial Officials