Effect of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist Stimulation on Smoking Consumption in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Launched by SHANGHAI EAST HOSPITAL · Apr 6, 2025

Keywords

ClinConnect Summary

Diabetes has become an increasingly severe global health concern. In 2021, an estimated 537 million adults worldwide were living with diabetes, and this number is projected to rise to 783 million by 2045, reflecting a 46% increase. Against the backdrop of the rising global prevalence of diabetes, smoking has been identified as a major risk factor for its onset, as well as a contributor to poor glycemic control and the progression of chronic diabetes complications. Moreover, smoking is an independent risk factor for elevated HbA1c levels. It has been reported that for every additional 20 pac...

Gender

MALE

Eligibility criteria

• Inclusion Criteria:
• • 1. Male patients aged 18-75 years.
• • 2. Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.
• • 3. A history of smoking for at least one year.
• • 4. Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score ≥4.
• • 5. Eligible for treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) or dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors but have not previously used these medications.
• • 6. Patients who fully understand the study, voluntarily participate, and sign the informed consent form.
• Exclusion Criteria:
• • 1. Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes or other specific types of diabetes.
• • 2. Presence of diabetic ketoacidosis or severe diabetic complications.
• • 3. Patients with severe cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, neurological, immune, or hematological diseases.
• • 4. Presence of severe infections, malignancies, recent surgeries, or major trauma.
• • 5. A history of severe recurrent hypoglycemia.
• • 6. Severe gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastroparesis.
• • 7. Poor adherence or inability to attend scheduled follow-up visits.
• • 8. A history of pancreatitis or a high risk of developing pancreatitis.
• • 9. Presence of severe psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, paranoid psychosis, bipolar disorder, or intellectual disability.
• • 10. Contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), such as metallic implants, pacemakers, or claustrophobia.
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