Effects of TPR and Z Techniques on Pain and Drug Leakage in Intramuscular Injections
Launched by CUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY · Jun 3, 2025
Trial Information
Current as of July 22, 2025
Recruiting
Keywords
ClinConnect Summary
This clinical trial is examining two different techniques, called Z-track and TPR (traction-pressure-release), to see which one causes less pain and medication leakage during intramuscular injections in the hip area. The study focuses on patients who may need a pain-relieving medication called diclofenac sodium. It aims to find a method that makes injections more comfortable and effective.
To participate, you need to be between 16 and 40 years old, prescribed diclofenac sodium, and have healthy muscles without any issues at the injection site. You cannot have any recent injections or certain medical conditions that could affect the injection. If you join the trial, you will receive one of the injection techniques being studied, and your experience will be measured to compare the results. This could help improve how injections are given in the future, making them less painful for everyone.
Gender
ALL
Eligibility criteria
- Inclusion Criteria:
- • Aged 16-40
- • Prescribed diclofenac sodium
- • No communication impairments
- • Healthy ventrogluteal muscles without sensory issues
- Exclusion Criteria:
- • Wounds, redness, bruising, tenderness, or stiffness at the injection site
- • Injection in the past 2 weeks
- • Neuropathy or other medical conditions
- • BMI below 15 or above 35
About Cumhuriyet University
Cumhuriyet University is a distinguished academic institution located in Turkey, renowned for its commitment to advancing medical research and education. As a clinical trial sponsor, the university leverages its extensive resources and expertise to facilitate innovative studies that aim to enhance healthcare outcomes. With a focus on interdisciplinary collaboration, Cumhuriyet University fosters an environment conducive to rigorous scientific inquiry and ethical research practices, ensuring that trials conducted under its auspices adhere to the highest standards of quality and integrity. Through its dedicated efforts, the university contributes significantly to the global body of medical knowledge and the development of effective therapeutic interventions.
Contacts
Jennifer Cobb
Immunology at National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Locations
Sivas, , Turkey
Sivas, , Turkey
Patients applied
Trial Officials
Şeyda Kazanç, Phd
Study Director
but no location
Timeline
First submit
Trial launched
Trial updated
Estimated completion
Not reported