Effect of Heated Water-Based Versus Land-Based Exercise Training on Hemodynamic Variables, Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Older Hypertensive

Launched by UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO · Aug 12, 2025

Keywords

ClinConnect Summary

This clinical trial is studying how two types of exercise—one done in a heated swimming pool and the other done on land—affect older adults with high blood pressure. The researchers want to see which type of exercise is better at improving blood pressure, blood vessel health, physical fitness, and overall quality of life. The study will include adults over 60 years old who have had high blood pressure for at least six months and are taking medication to control it. People who smoke, have certain heart or other health problems, or cannot safely exercise will not be eligible to join.

If you participate, you will be randomly assigned to either the heated water exercise group, the land-based exercise group, or a control group that does not exercise. Those in the exercise groups will attend supervised sessions three times a week for 12 weeks. The researchers will check your health and fitness before starting, after 12 weeks, and again after 24 weeks to see how the exercises affect you over time. It’s important that participants attend most sessions and keep their medications stable during the study. This trial aims to find out if exercising in warm water might be a helpful and enjoyable option for managing high blood pressure in older adults.

Gender

ALL

Eligibility criteria

• Inclusion Criteria:
• - For the study population, the following will not be included in the study:
• • Smokers (avoiding acute effects of smoking on physiological measures);
• • Individuals with decompensated cardiovascular disease, thyroid dysfunction and / or inflammatory diseases;
• • Unable individuals to perform an exercise program or ergospirometric test due to physical or mental incapacity;
• • Individuals with hemodynamic and / or electrocardiographic changes during the ergospirometric test.
• • Only individuals older than 60 years, with a diagnosis of SAH for more than 6 months (stage 1 or 2), using antihypertensive medication (office BP less than 140/90 mmHg) and without medication change for at least 2 months.
• Exclusion Criteria:
• • For the study population, individuals who have less than 60% adherence to scheduled physical exercise sessions will be excluded during the study.
• • Individuals who change or discontinue their clinical and / or pharmacological treatment (with or without a prescription).