Effects of Cocoa Intake on Blood Pressure in Elderly Individuals With Mild Hypertension

Launched by UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE · Jan 11, 2007

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Eligibility criteria

• Inclusion Criteria:
• • Subjects between the ages of 55 - 75 years in good general health with high normal blood pressure (between 130/80 and 140/90 mmHg) or mild hypertension (blood pressure between 140/90 and 160/100 mmHg)on no medication or nutritional supplements
• • Non-manual workers with a household income \> 20,000 €/year
• • Normal plasma lipids (total plasma cholesterol \< 6.18 mmol/L
• • LDL \< 4.11 mmol/L
• • HDL \> 0.9 mmol/L
• • Triacylglycerols \< 1.8 mmol/L) and normal plasma glucose (fasting plasma glucose 4.2-6.4 mmol/L).
• • If a subject's blood pressure exceeds 170/100 mmHg on a single visit, the subject will be withdrawn from the study and referred to appropriate antihypertensive therapy.
• Exclusion Criteria:
• Subjects are excluded if they have:
• • Cardiovascular diseases (other than hypertension)
• • Diabetes mellitus
• • Hyper-/dyslipidemia
• • Gastrointestinal diseases
• • Hepatic and renal disorders
• • Pulmonary diseases
• • Coagulopathy
• • Cancer
• • Psychiatric disorders
• • Alcohol or drug dependence
• • Seizure disorders
• • History of organ transplantation
• • Surgery within the last 12 months
• • Positive tests for HIV, hepatitis B or C.
• Subjects are excluded if they have:
• • A body-mass index of more than 27.5 or less than 18.5 kg/m2
• • Actively smoked tobacco within the last five years
• • Regularly use medications
• • Used any medication within the last two weeks before entry
• • Use vitamin, mineral or polyphenol supplements or functional food.
• • Subjects will be excluded if they are unable to give informed consent for all procedures; or subjects who are not capable or willing to appear for controlling visits.